Key to Wisconsin Lamiaceae

Author: John G. Zaborsky

• 1a. Upper lip of corolla reduced or apparently absent 2

• 1b. Upper lip of corolla well-developed 3

• 2a. Corolla blue (rarely pink or white), the lower lip 3-lobed; inflorescence bracts ovate or obovate; leaves mostly sessile Ajuga

• 2b. Corolla pink (rarely white), the lower lip 5-lobed; bracts linear-lanceolate; leaves petiolate Teucrium

• 3a. Calyx with a helmetlike protuberance on the adaxial surface near the base Scutellaria

• 3b. Calyx without a protuberance 4

• 4a. Fertile stamens 2 5

• 4b. Fertile stamens 4 10

• 5a. Lower lip of corolla fringed; inflorescence a terminal panicle Collinsonia

• 5b. Lower lip of corolla lobed or entire; inflorescence axillary or terminal racemes or heads 6

• 6a. Corolla radially symmetrical or nearly so, with 4-5 lobes of nearly equal length Lycopus

• 6b. Corolla distinctly zygomorphic, 2-lipped 7

• 7a. Calyx essentially radially symmetrical, the lobes all about the same length Monarda

• 7b. Calyx distinctly 2-lipped 8

• 8a. Flowers in verticils in the axils of foliage leaves Hedeoma

• 8b. Flowers in terminal inflorescences 9

• 9a. Verticillasters with 2–8 flowers, held in elongated, spike-like inflorescences Salvia

• 9b. Verticillasters with 20 or more flowers, held in dense headlike clusters Blephilia

• 10a. Leaves palmately lobed Leonurus

• 10b. Leaves variously toothed or entire, but lacking lobes 11

• 11a. Leaves entire, rarely with obscure rounded teeth 12

• 11b. Leaves distinctly serrate or crenate 19

• 12a. Calyx glabrous Calamintha

• 12b. Calyx pubescent 13

• 13a. Calyx eglandular 14

• 13b. Calyx glandular (these sometimes hidden under thick pubescence) 15

• 14a. Inflorescences terminal, cylindrical, dense spikes; bracts ovate Prunella

• 14b. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, rounded, headlike clusters; bracts linear-setaceous Clinopodium

• 15a. Corolla weakly zygomorphic but not 2-lipped, the lobes widely spreading; calyx with stalked glands Trichostema

• 15b. Corolla distinctly 2-lipped; calyx with sessile glands 16

• 16a. Calyx not bearded in the throat 17

• 16b. Calyx densely bearded in the throat 18

• 17a. Inflorescences dense, headlike clusters; corollas white Pycnanthemum

• 17b. Inflorescences spikelike; corollas purple to blue Hyssopus

• 18a. Stems erect Origanum

• 18b. Stems procumbent to creeping, sometimes rooting at the nodes Thymus

• 19a. Corollas nearly actinomorphic, not 2-lipped, the 4–5 lobes subequal 20

• 19b. Corollas zygomorphic, 2-lipped 21

• 20a. Flowers in pairs at each node of the inflorescence axis; calyx glabrous internally Perilla

• 20b. Flowers in clusters of 4 or more at each node of the inflorescence axis; calyx pubescent internally Mentha

• 21a. Stems creeping, rooting at the nodes 22

• 21b. Stems erect 24

• 22a. Leaves mottled white; corollas pinkish purple or yellow, the upper lobe hooded 23

• 22b. Leaves not mottled; corollas violet to bluish, the upper lobe not hooded Glechoma

• 23a. Corollas pinkish purple Lamium (in part)

• 23b. Corollas yellow Lamiastrum

• 24a. Flowers held in terminal, elongated inflorescences, their bracts reduced, not foliaceous and not closely resembling the cauline leaves 25

• 24b. Flowers held in the axils of foliage leaves, the stems sometimes terminating in a rounded, headlike cluster of flowers 32

• 25a. Flowers secund Elscholtzia

• 25b. Flowers borne around the entire inflorescence axis 26

• 26a. Inflorescence bracts lobed, the lobes with spinescent teeth Dracocephalum

• 26b. Inflorescence bracts variously shaped or absent but without spinescent tips 27

• 27a. Stamens long-exserted Agastache

• 27b. Stamens not exserted 28

• 28a. Calyx zygomorphic, 2-lipped Prunella

• 28b. Calyx actinomorphic, not 2-lipped, the lobes similar 29

• 29a. Leaves cordate-ovate to ovate-triangular 30

• 29b. Leaves lanceolate to oblanceolate, oblong, oblong-elliptic, or narrowly ovate-triangular 31

• 30a. Stems and abaxial leaf surfaces densely pubescent with soft woolly hairs Nepeta

• 30b. Stems and abaxial leaf surfaces moderately pubescent with hispid hairs Stachys (in part)

• 31a. Flowers 6–8 per node Stachys

• 31b. Flowers 2 per node Physostegia

• 32a. Calyx lobes spinescent 33

• 32b. Calyx lobes lacking spiny tips (but long tapered in Ballota) 34

• 33a. Calyces 8–14 mm long; corollas 15–28 mm long; abaxial leaf surfaces moderately pubescent with short, stiff or appressed hairs; annuals Galeopsis

• 33b. Calyces and corollas 5–7 mm long; abaxial leaf surfaces densely pubescent with soft, fine hairs; biennials Chaiturus

• 34a. Calyx with 5–10 veins 35

• 34b. Calyx with 13 veins 36

• 35a. Upper lip of the corolla hooded; calyx with 5 veins Lamium (in part)

• 35b.Upper lip of the corolla not hooded; calyx with 10 veins Ballota

• 36a. Calyx sparsely pubescent to glabrous internally; leaves ovate to reniform, rounded to cordate at the base; stems pubescent with long, dense, spreading hairs Clinopodium

• 36b. Calyx densely bearded internally; leaves elliptic and tapered to the base; stems pubescent with recurved hairs Acinos