Family: Brassicaceae
large toothwort, three-leaved toothwort
[Cardamine X maxima (Nutt.) A.W.Wood, more...]
Robert Bierman
Etymology: Cardamine: originally from the Greek kardamon used by Dioscorides for some cress, maybe used in treating heart ailments
Plants: erect, annual/perennial, 6"-16" tall forb; stems smooth; long, thick rhizomes with a slight separation
Leaves: usually 3 distinctly alternate, toothed, 3-parted stem leaves.
Flowers: purple, 4-parted; inflorescence a loose cluster (raceme) of long-stalked flowers; blooms April-May
Fruits: long, thin, erect pods
Habitat: woods; in rich soil
Conservation Status: Special Concern
Plants: erect, annual/perennial, 6"-16" tall forb; stems smooth; long, thick rhizomes with a slight separation
Leaves: usually 3 distinctly alternate, toothed, 3-parted stem leaves.
Flowers: purple, 4-parted; inflorescence a loose cluster (raceme) of long-stalked flowers; blooms April-May
Fruits: long, thin, erect pods
Habitat: woods; in rich soil
Conservation Status: Special Concern
Flora of North America: Flora of North America Floristic Rating: Coefficient of Conservatism = 10 WIS DNR-Bureau of Endangered Resources: Detailed information on Wisconsin listed species including state and federal status, photos, etc. USDA Plants Database: Federal Distribution and detailed information including photos