Family: Violaceae
hook-spur violet, sand violet
Emmet J. Judziewicz
Merel R. Black
University of Wisconsin - Madison (WIS-VP)
Etymology: Viola: a classical Latin name for violets
Plants: erect, perennial, 3"-6" tall forb, spreading and drooping with age; stems leafy
Leaves: oval to roundish with the base straight to only slightly heart-shaped, coarsely toothed
Flowers: violet, 5-parted, 1/4"-1/2" long, side petals bearded, the spur straight, up to 1/4" long, blunt or often tapering to a short, inwardly-curving point; solitary from the leaf axils; blooms April-June
Fruits: capsule with dark brown seeds
Habitat: moist, dry; woods; in gravelly, sandy soil
Conservation Status: Native
Plants: erect, perennial, 3"-6" tall forb, spreading and drooping with age; stems leafy
Leaves: oval to roundish with the base straight to only slightly heart-shaped, coarsely toothed
Flowers: violet, 5-parted, 1/4"-1/2" long, side petals bearded, the spur straight, up to 1/4" long, blunt or often tapering to a short, inwardly-curving point; solitary from the leaf axils; blooms April-June
Fruits: capsule with dark brown seeds
Habitat: moist, dry; woods; in gravelly, sandy soil
Conservation Status: Native
Floristic Rating: Coefficient of Conservatism = 6, Wetland Indicator = FAC- USDA Plants Database: Federal Distribution and detailed information including photos
Merel R. Black
Robert W. Freckmann
