Family: Pinaceae
Canadian pine, Norway pine, red pine
Kenneth J. Sytsma
Matthew L. Wagner
Etymology: Pinus: the ancient Latin name
Plants: perennial, 50'-80' tall, evergreen tree; stems not whitened, bark somewhat reddish
Leaves: 3-8" needles 2 per cluster
Fruits: 1.5"-2.5" long cones
Conservation Status: Native
Plants: perennial, 50'-80' tall, evergreen tree; stems not whitened, bark somewhat reddish
Leaves: 3-8" needles 2 per cluster
Fruits: 1.5"-2.5" long cones
Conservation Status: Native
Dry to dry-mesic forests with white pine, sugar maple-hemlock, aspen-spruce, mixed conifers, oak-pine, oak-sugar maple, red maple-aspen-birch, white pine-balsam fir-balsam poplar, aspen-pine. Also in pine barrens, fields, lakeshores, on cliffs and rock outcrops, pine relicts, and sometimes invading dry bogs.
Red pine is the dominant tree in the globally rare Great Lakes Barrens, a type of pine barrens community known in Wisconsin primarily from sandspits in the Apostle Islands. These areas have large, scattered, open-grown red pines with an understory of lichens, common juniper, and ericaceous shrubs.
Historically, red pine had a range very similar to that of jack pine, but the former was a bit more widespread in the north. It still exists in the pine relicts of the southern Driftless Area and has escaped from plantations in many areas. Austrian pine, P. nigra J.F. Arnold, is sometimes cultivated and has become an aggressive invader of lake dunes in Michigan. It resembles P. resinosa but differs in having flexible needles that don’t snap when bent, whitish buds, and bark of the upper trunk gray to dark brown.
Red pine is the dominant tree in the globally rare Great Lakes Barrens, a type of pine barrens community known in Wisconsin primarily from sandspits in the Apostle Islands. These areas have large, scattered, open-grown red pines with an understory of lichens, common juniper, and ericaceous shrubs.
Historically, red pine had a range very similar to that of jack pine, but the former was a bit more widespread in the north. It still exists in the pine relicts of the southern Driftless Area and has escaped from plantations in many areas. Austrian pine, P. nigra J.F. Arnold, is sometimes cultivated and has become an aggressive invader of lake dunes in Michigan. It resembles P. resinosa but differs in having flexible needles that don’t snap when bent, whitish buds, and bark of the upper trunk gray to dark brown.
Flora of North America: Flora of North America Floristic Rating: Coefficient of Conservatism = 7, Wetland Indicator = FACU USDA Plants Database: Federal Distribution and detailed information including photos University of Wisconsin - Green Bay: Gymnosperms: Photos, descriptions, information Virginia Tech Dept. of Forestry, College of Natural Resources: detailed description and photographs Landscape Plants of the Upper Midwest; UW-Extension: Interactive guide providing information on cultivation including: soil, zone, growth rate, landscape uses, pruning, light requirements; with photos and Latin name pronounciation
Matthew L. Wagner
Matthew L. Wagner
Matthew L. Wagner
Emmet J. Judziewicz
Merel R. Black
Matthew L. Wagner
Michael Clayton
Robert R. Kowal
Matthew L. Wagner
Emmet J. Judziewicz
Matthew L. Wagner
Matthew L. Wagner
Know Your Trees
Aaron_Carlson
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Aaron_Carlson
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