Family: Brassicaceae
Pennsylvania bitter-cress
[Cardamine hirsuta var. pensylvanica L., more...]
Josh Sulman
Robert W. Freckmann
University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium (UWSP)
Etymology: Cardamine: originally from the Greek kardamon used by Dioscorides for some cress, maybe used in treating heart ailments
Plants: erect or spreading, annual/biennial, 6"-24" tall forb; stems often hairy toward the base
Leaves: pinnately-divided into long, thin leaflets with the end leaflet largest
Flowers: white, 4-parted; inflorescence a loose cluster (raceme) of stalked flowers; blooms April-June
Fruits: long, thin, erect pods
Habitat: wet; woods, streambanks, swamps
Conservation Status: Native
Plants: erect or spreading, annual/biennial, 6"-24" tall forb; stems often hairy toward the base
Leaves: pinnately-divided into long, thin leaflets with the end leaflet largest
Flowers: white, 4-parted; inflorescence a loose cluster (raceme) of stalked flowers; blooms April-June
Fruits: long, thin, erect pods
Habitat: wet; woods, streambanks, swamps
Conservation Status: Native
Flora of North America: Flora of North America Floristic Rating: Coefficient of Conservatism = 3, Wetland Indicator = FACW+ USDA Plants Database: Federal Distribution and detailed information including photos David G. Smith's "Delaware Wilflowers": Beautiful photographs; descriptions Dan Tenaglia's The Missouri Flora: Fabulous photographs; detailed descriptions; color and leave arrangement key.
Robert W. Freckmann
Mark Mittelstadt
Merel R. Black
Josh Sulman
Merel R. Black
David G. Smith
Josh Sulman
Josh Sulman
Josh Sulman
Botanical Illustration
