Habitat:
Narrow V-shaped valley without permanent stream, deciduous forest on slopes, with Quercus alba, Q. rubra, Cara cordiformis, C. ovata, Acer saccharum, the N-facing slope more humid (with Adiantum pedatum, Asarum canadense, Mitella diphylla) than the SW-facing opposite slope.
Occurrence Remarks:
Forming a dense patch. Flowers on the ground, purplish, the seeds light brown and shiny.