Habitat:
Sand beaches with well developed complex of primary, secondary and occasionally tertiary dunes and swales; infrequently with active blowouts. Often dominated by beach grasses. Seaside spurge (Chamaesyce polygonifolia = Euphorbia polygonifolia). In bare sand along path to beach. Cirsium pitcheri. Centaurea maculosa present, Lymegrass, European Dunegrass (Leymus arenarius): six vegetative culms. Elymus canadensis, Calamovilfa longifolia (5-25% cover), Artemisia caudata. Equisetum hyemale var. affine.