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WIDNR - Black Spruce Swamp

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Authors:

Compiled by Mary Ann Feist

Citation: Epstein, E.E. 2017. Natural communities, aquatic features, and selected habitats of Wisconsin. Chapter 7 in The ecological landscapes of Wisconsin: An assessment of ecological resources and a guide to planning sustainable management. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, PUB-SS-1131H 2017, Madison.

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Locality: Wisconsin

Abstract:

The Black Spruce Swamp flora is depauperate and composed of species adapted to “bog” conditions, that is, a continuous carpet of peat-forming sphagnum mosses, high substrate acidity, organic soils that are slow to thaw, cold ambient temperatures, a short growing season, and low nutrient and oxygen availability.

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Families: 8

Genera: 12

Species: 15

Total Taxa: 15 (including subsp. and var.)

ASPARAGACEAE

Maianthemum trifolium - three-leaf Solomon's-plume

BETULACEAE

Betula papyrifera - white birch

CYPERACEAE

Carex magellanica - boreal bog sedge

Carex oligosperma - few-seeded sedge

Carex trisperma - three-seeded sedge

Eriophorum vaginatum - tussock cotton-grass

ERICACEAE

Gaultheria hispidula - moxie

Rhododendron groenlandicum - Labrador-tea

Vaccinium oxycoccos - small cranberry

Vaccinium vitis-idaea - mountain-cranberry

PINACEAE

Larix laricina - tamarack

Picea mariana - black spruce

SANTALACEAE

Arceuthobium pusillum - eastern dwarf mistletoe

SAPINDACEAE

Acer rubrum - red maple

SARRACENIACEAE

Sarracenia purpurea - purple pitcher-plant