Etymology: Pilea: for shape of larger sepal in fertile flower in original species which partly covers achene, like the pileus or "felt cap," of the Romans
Plants: erect, annual, 4"-20" tall, smooth forb with no stinging hairs; stems translucent; often forming colonies
Leaves: long-stalked, opposite, shiny, slightly transparent, with 3 main parallel veins
Flowers: green, 3- to 4-parted, 1/8" wide; inflorescence branched clusters from the middle and upper leaf axils; blooms July-Sept.
Fruits: oval dry, yellowish to pale green seed with purple edges
Habitat: shaded; moist; woods; in rich soil
Conservation Status: Native

Flora of North America: Flora of North America Floristic Rating: Coefficient of Conservatism = 3, Wetland Indicator = FACW USDA Plants Database: Federal Distribution and detailed information including photos USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS): Images of seeds, fruits, embryos, etc. Dan Tenaglia's The Missouri Flora: Fabulous photographs; detailed descriptions; color and leave arrangement key. David G. Smith's "Delaware Wilflowers": Beautiful photographs; descriptions Illinois Wildflowers: Wonderful photographs; detailed descriptions; color and leaf arrangement key Southwest School of Botanical Medicine: Britton & Brown Illustrated Flora - 2nd Edition (1913) "An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States and Canada"